The Bible speaks of a real garden with trees and a real man and woman in that garden. There is no reason to think that the story is not historical and the punishments as real events.

Genesis 3:1 “Now the serpent was more cunning than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said to the woman, "Has God indeed said, 'You shall not eat of every tree of the garden'?"

Revelation 12:9 “So the great dragon was cast out, that serpent of old, called the Devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world; he was cast to the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.”

We know this is the Devil who had led a rebellion in heaven and took a third of the angels with him in his insurrection. Each time he is also identified as the serpent of old, referring back to when he brought sin into this world through deceiving Eve and having her sin.

Revelation 20:1-2 “Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, having the key to the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. He laid hold of the dragon, that serpent of old, who is the Devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years”

It takes another angel under the authority of God to arrest this creature and banish him to his abode until he is released on last time to test the children of men at the end of the millennial reign of Jesus Christ (Rev.20:7). After this he is cast into the Lake of fire.